What is the heresy of Manis Friedman?

The term "heresy" in relation to Rabbi Manis Friedman, a prominent Chabad-Lubavitch rabbi, author, and speaker, arises from criticisms by some Jewish scholars and authorities who argue that certain statements or teachings of his deviate from traditional Jewish theology or halacha (Jewish law). These accusations are not universally accepted and are a matter of debate within Jewish communities, particularly among Orthodox and Chabad circles. Below is an explanation of the controversy based on available perspectives:

Rabbi Manis Friedman has gained widespread popularity through his lectures, books, and YouTube presence, where he addresses topics ranging from relationships and intimacy to theology and the nature of God. However, some of his statements have drawn sharp criticism from figures like Rabbi Aharon Feldman, a respected leader in the American Orthodox Jewish community and a member of the Moetzes Gedolei HaTorah (Council of Torah Sages). Feldman has publicly labeled Friedman a "heretic" and a "fool," asserting that his teachings contradict core Jewish principles and the mesorah (traditional transmission of Jewish law and belief).

Specific Points of Contention

1. Statements on Morality and War
   One notable controversy stems from a 2009 statement Friedman made in Moment Magazine, where he responded to a question about how Jews should treat their Arab neighbors. He wrote:
   "I don’t believe in western morality, i.e. don’t kill civilians or children, don’t destroy holy sites... The only way to fight a moral war is the Jewish way: Destroy their holy sites. Kill men, women and children (and cattle)."
   Friedman later clarified that he was addressing wartime ethics when enemies use civilians as shields, not advocating for indiscriminate violence. However, critics viewed this as a rejection of universal moral norms and an endorsement of extreme measures inconsistent with mainstream Jewish ethics, which emphasize the sanctity of life and limits on warfare.
2. Theological Views on God and Suffering
   Friedman has made statements about God’s relationship to human suffering that some deem unorthodox. For example, he has suggested reframing the Holocaust not as "Why would God allow it?" but as "Why would God do that to Himself?"—implying God experiences infinite pain alongside humanity. While this aligns with some Chassidic ideas of divine immanence, critics argue it risks anthropomorphizing God excessively or undermining traditional views of divine omnipotence and justice.
3. Views on Messiahship and Jesus
   In a video response to the question "Is it possible that Yoshke [Jesus] is the Messiah?" Friedman’s answer reportedly surprised some viewers by not outright dismissing the possibility in a conventional way, instead focusing on a broader theological discussion. Critics, particularly from stricter Orthodox circles, have accused him of flirting with ideas that blur the lines between Judaism and Christianity, a sensitive issue given Judaism’s historical rejection of Jesus as the Messiah. This has fueled claims of "kfira" (heresy) among detractors.
4. General Approach to Jewish Law and Tradition
   Rabbi Feldman and others have argued that Friedman’s teachings sometimes prioritize popular appeal over fidelity to traditional sources. His casual, modern style and willingness to push boundaries—such as discussing intimacy or questioning established norms—have led some to claim he distorts Torah to suit contemporary audiences, thus endangering the integrity of Jewish tradition.

Defense and Context

Friedman’s supporters, including many within Chabad, argue that his statements are often misunderstood or taken out of context. As a Chabad emissary, he follows the teachings of the Lubavitcher Rebbe, emphasizing outreach and making Jewish ideas accessible. His provocative style is seen as a deliberate method to engage secular or unaffiliated Jews, and his theological explorations are rooted in Chassidic thought, particularly the notion of God’s deep involvement with the world. Regarding the Moment Magazine controversy, Friedman issued an apology, clarifying that he intended to discuss wartime strategy, not peacetime ethics, and reaffirmed respect for all human life as a Jewish value.

Conclusion

The "heresy" of Manis Friedman is not a singular, defined doctrine but a collection of controversial statements and interpretations that some traditional authorities view as departures from normative Judaism. Whether these constitute heresy depends on one’s perspective: critics like Rabbi Feldman see a dangerous deviation, while supporters see a creative, if bold, application of Chassidic philosophy. The debate reflects broader tensions between tradition and innovation within contemporary Judaism. For a definitive assessment, one would need to examine specific teachings in depth alongside traditional Jewish sources, a task beyond this overview.