The Volga Germans began migrating to Russia primarily between 1764 and 1767, following Catherine the Great’s manifesto on July 22, 1763, which invited foreigners to settle in the Russian Empire. Over 27,000 colonists, mostly from German states like Hesse, Rhineland, and Württemberg, established 104 colonies along the Volga River near Saratov by 1767. The migration was driven by promises of free land, religious freedom, and exemption from military service and taxes, appealing to those facing economic hardship and religious persecution after the Seven Years’ War. A broader wave of German migration to Russia continued from 1763 to 1772, with over 30,000 colonists arriving.Russian attitudes toward the Volga Germans during their settlement in the 1760s were mixed, shaped by economic, social, and political factors. Catherine the Great’s 1763 manifesto, inviting foreigners like Germans to settle, was driven by her vision to modernize and populate underdeveloped regions like the Volga River area. The Russian government saw the Germans as industrious farmers and craftsmen who could boost agriculture and economic growth, particularly in frontier lands prone to raids by nomadic groups. Official policy was welcoming, offering incentives like free land, tax exemptions, and religious autonomy, which reflected a pragmatic appreciation for their skills.However, local Russian peasants and Cossacks often viewed the German settlers with suspicion or resentment. The newcomers received privileges—such as exemption from military service and taxes—that locals did not enjoy, fostering envy. Cultural differences, including language barriers, distinct Protestant practices (most Volga Germans were Lutheran or Mennonite), and German communal organization, created a sense of "otherness." Some Russians saw the Germans as outsiders encroaching on land and resources, especially in times of scarcity. Tensions occasionally led to minor conflicts, though no large-scale violence is well-documented from this initial settlement period.Over time, as the Volga Germans established thriving colonies and contributed to regional prosperity, many Russians came to respect their work ethic and agricultural innovations, like improved farming techniques. By the 19th century, their settlements were often seen as models of productivity. However, integration remained limited; the Germans largely kept to themselves, maintaining their language, schools, and churches, which preserved a degree of cultural separation.
2:26:00 "Nobody believes in God any more."
2:27:00 Jim is incapable of entertaining the idea that God might exist to have a view on human behaviour in the Middle East.
2:30:00 The Great Schism and the Reformation
Vatican II
2:32:00 Novus Ordo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novus_ordo_seclorum
2:34:00 Monarchy or republic?
2:35:00 The looting of monasteries by Henry VIII who, if he had been Muslim, would not have needed to behead or divorce his wives in order to sire a male heir.
2:37:00 The Age of Republican Revolutions displaced the Age of Monarchy.
2:38:00 Montesquieu, Voltaire, Hume
2:39:00 Plenty of priests executed during the French Revolution.
- September Massacres (1792): Over a 48-hour period starting September 2, 1792, Parisian mobs killed three bishops and more than 200 priests as part of the September Massacres, targeting those seen as counter-revolutionaries.
- Total Clergy Executed: Sources suggest that several hundred priests were executed overall. One estimate indicates that of the approximately 30,000 priests forced to leave France or face persecution, several hundred who remained were executed, though exact numbers are hard to pin down.
- Reign of Terror (1793–1794): During this period, around 17,000 people were officially executed across France, with clergy making up roughly 6.5% of the victims (approximately 1,100 individuals, including priests, nuns, and other religious figures). This figure excludes those killed without trial, such as in mass drownings (noyades) or shootings, which could push the number higher.
- Specific Incidents: The Martyrs of the Carmes in 1792 saw 191 clergy and laypeople massacred, including three bishops, 127 secular priests, 56 religious, and five laymen, targeted for refusing the oath.
- Broader Context: By the end of the Revolution, about 30,000 priests had been exiled, and those who stayed faced imprisonment, deportation, or execution. The dechristianization campaign, including laws like the Law of Suspects (September 1793), made non-juring priests liable to immediate death, contributing to the toll.
2:40:00 The Church was always a Creature of the State.
2:41:00 Secular political ideologies
2:42:00 All the five world religions support marriage and family values.
Marriage is eugenic.
2:43:00 Matrimonial Causes 1973
2:44:00 The marriage contract
2:46:00 Marriage is a child protection scheme.
2:48:00 Polygamy
2:49:00 American Primeval
Mormons War
2:51:00 Liberty, Equality and Fraternity
2:52:00 Democracy is a scam.
2:53:00 Christianity failed.
2:54:00 Idolatry
2:55:00 Book of rules
2:56:00 Derek Bentley
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derek_Bentley
3:02:00 Magisterium
3:04:00 Catholics lost the Wars of the Reformation.
3:05:00 Protestantism
3:06:00 Reformation and Schism
3:07:00 Idolatry is a Jewish idea.
3:08:00 Jesus was crucified in 33 AD.
3:09:00 The New Testament is hearsay as to the divinity of Jesus and does not even mention the Trinity.
The recitation of the Koran
3:12:00 Abraham Lincoln
3:14:00 All prophets are mortal.
3:15:00 Lazarus was resurrected.
3:16:00 Josephus
3:17:00 Jesus
3:19:00 Hypocrites go to hell.
3:20:00 Jesus worship
3:21:00 Muslims do not believe Muhammad wrote the Koran.
3:23:00 Idolatry
3:24:00 Muhammad was illiterate.
3:26:00 The New Testament is not from Jesus, let alone God.
3:27:00 The Trinity
3:28:00 A prophet is a mortal man.
3:29:00 Idolatry
3:31:00 Understanding legal concepts
3:32:00 Idolatry
3:33:00 Easter
3:34:00 That Christ rose from the dead is irrelevant to whether he is the co-equal of the Abrahamic God.
3:35:00 To believe Jesus is divine is to be guilty of idolatry.
3:37:00 Rabbis and Islamic scholars would support me in saying that the Trinity is idolatry.
3:38:00 EU law is a legal system.
3:39:00 Noahide laws
3:40:00 There is no mention of the Trinity in the New Testament.
3:41:00 The Edict of Thessalonica 380
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edict_of_Thessalonica
Hierarchy
3:42:00 The Trinity
3:44:00 There is only one Abrahamic God.
3:45:00 Caesar's Messiah by Joseph Atwill
Freemasons
Direct evidence > hearsay
3:49:00 Apostles
3:52:00 Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.
3:53:00 Roman propaganda department
3:55:00 Jewish Roman Wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars
3:57:00 Heretic burning
3:59:00 The First Amendment is supported by quran.com/2/256
4:00:00 Free will
4:01:00 St Augustine by the beach with the boy about the Trinity
4:03:00 Mystery of the Trinity solved
4:04:00 Noahide laws
4:06:00 Third Schism
4:07:00 Modern Popes have no choice but to submit to the liberal order if they want to keep their jobs.
4:08:00 Before Vatican II 1965
4:09:00 The Tabernacle and Tridentine Mass
4:11:00 Novus Ordo
4:14:00 Martin Luther
Christians make up the rules as they go along.
4:16:00 A matter of interpretation
4:18:00 Catholic victimhood
4:19:00 The Trinity
4:20:00 Even theists see the point of law.
4:21:00 Which book of rules?
4:22:00 The First Amendment
4:24:00 The Koran is the best available guide to humanity.
4:26:00 I claim to be knowledgeable in theology.
4:27:00 The afterlife
4:28:00 Morality
4:29:00 Idolatry
4:30:00 13 Principles of Judaism
4:33:00 Second Coming
4:34:00 Jews and Muslims agree on the oneness of God.
4:35:00 The Talmud is not divine.
4:37:00 God is above humanity.
4:43:00 The final edition is more authoritative than the first edition.
4:44:00 The New Testament is hearsay.
4:46:00 Hegelian Dialectic
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